Basics of Operating Systems

          The computer is made up of two parts that are hardware and software. If the hardware is not working properly or damaged the computer will not work properly in the similar way to run the computer needs the proper software. There are various software's are available for the computer that is called as operating systems. In a simple way, the operating system is system software used for the proper functioning of a computer. The operating system is an interface between the user and the hardware. It enables the user to communicate with the computer and its peripheral devices.  It is overall manager of the system. It performs all the basic tasks like file management, memory management, process management, handling input and output, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers. The operating system may be 32 bit or 64bit. 

             Everyone uses mobile it is also the combination of hardware and software. It needs some software to interface with the hardware. In mobile, there are various operating systems. Android is a famous operating system for latest smartphones. The Android operating system is developed by Google and it is based on the Java platform. IOS operating system used for mobile it is developed by the Windows.

             There are various operating systems like Windows, Linux, Mac, Unix, MS-DOS etc are many operating systems. I mentioned only famous operating systems. These operating systems are used depending upon their use. In general purpose, the Windows is preferred by the user because of the easy interface. For the ethical hacking purpose, Red Hat or Kali Linux is used because it has so many inbuilt functions.

            The windows operating system is developed by the Microsoft. There are various versions of Windows operating system. The latest windows version is "Windows 10". The other older versions of Windows are Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP. Windows OS is written in C, C++, and Assembly. The source model of windows is closed. It mines that it is closed operating system. The source code of the Windows operating system can not be modified. It is not a free operating system. It needs to purchase for its use. It has Windows NT kernel type.

              The Linux is the open source operating system. It is also fast and stable operating system. Linux was developed in the early 1990s by Linus Torvalds, along with other programmers around the world. In Linux there are various versions are available that are called as Linux distributions.  The main advantage of Linux is it is the open source operating system. Anyone can modify and use it. It is free to use. It is not closed source like windows. Linux performs many of the same functions as Unix,
Macintosh, Windows, and Windows NT. However, Linux is distinguished by its power and flexibility, along with being freely available. Linux has become the premier platform for open source software, much of it developed by the Free Software Foundation’s GNU project. Many of these applications are bundled as part of standard Linux distributions. Currently, thousands of open source applications are available for Linux from sites like SourceForge. The various Linux distributions are Ubuntu, Fedora, Arch Linux, Kali Linux, Red Hat etc are various distributions.The Linux is written in C.

             Macintosh operating systems developed by Apple Inc. It is graphical user interface based operating system. It was developed in 1984 by Apple. It was first introduced with the first Macintosh. It is Unix based graphical operating system. macOS is based on technologies developed at NeXT between 1985 to 1997. A company founded by "Steve Jobs". The MacOS is also written in C, C++, Objective C, Swift.

                 The main motto of this is that the most operating system uses C programming and learn C programming is very essential. Please feel free to comment if you find anything incorrect or you want to share more information about the topic discussed above.